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Spain is home to more than 1,600 literary competitions, many sponsored by publishing houses or small municipalities. Prize money ranges from a nominal 300 euros (₤200) to the far from nominal 601,000 euros (₤400,000) of the Premio Planeta.
In the case of the National Literature Prizes (Premios Nacionales) awarded each year by Spain’s Ministry of Culture, a jury is responsible for choosing the best Spanish writer in categories including poetry, essays, fiction and narrative. The Ministry’s flagship award, however, is the Premio Cervantes, a prize of international renown, which recognises a lifetime's achievement by a writer working in the Spanish language. In 2007 the recipient was the poet Juan Gelman.
Last year the Ministry of Culture has also granted the following awards:
 National Prize of Spanish Literature to Ana María Matute .
National Literature Prize for Narrative to Vicente Molina Foix (El abrecartas).
National Literature Prize for Children and Young Adults to Jordi Sierra (Kafka y la muñeca viajera).
National Literature Prize for Drama to Rubén Ruibal (Limpieza de sangre).
National Literature Prize for Essay to José María González García (La diosa Fortuna. Metamorfosis de una metáfora política).
National Literature Prize for Poetry to Olvido García Valdés (Y todos estábamos vivos).
A further raft of awards are the “Premios de la Crítica”, conferred annually by the Spanish Association of Literary Critics. These awards recognise the finest literary works, narrative and poetry, published in Spain's four official languages; Spanish, Catalan, Galician and Basque. A jury nominated by the association announces the awards each April. The Premios de la Critica, though highly prestigious, carry no financial reward, enhancing reputations rather than bank balances.
In 2006, the Spanish language awards went to the poet Julia Uceda for her work “Zona desconocida” and the novelist Eduardo Lago for “Llámame Brooklyn.” The Basque language prizes went to Jon Alonso and Koldo Izaguirre; Eduard Márquez and Ponc Pons received the Catalan language prizes, while Manuel Rivas for “Os libros arden mal” and Manuel Vilanova gained the recognition for their works in Galician language.
In Spain, publishing houses as well as foundations and trusts run their own literary competitions. A number of them are listed below:
| Award |
Author |
Title |
| |
| Premio Nadal |
|
Francisco Casavella |
Lo que sé de los vampiros |
 |
| Premio Príncipe de Asturias |
|
Margaret Atwood |
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